Introduction
In this article, we will discuss the important technique of applying water-based urethane to wood. Applying urethane may seem simple at first, but it requires careful consideration to achieve a smooth and flawless finish. We will guide you step-by-step on how to apply water-based urethane to your woodworking projects using the appropriate tools and techniques.
Choosing the Right Sheen Level
Before we dive into the application process, it’s essential to choose the right sheen level for your project. The sheen level determines the level of glossiness or shininess of the urethane finish. In the video, the presenter has chosen the satin sheen, which provides a subtle, low-gloss finish. It’s important to note that you can adjust the sheen level later through buffing, so starting with something close to your desired finish is recommended. Glossy finishes tend to accentuate imperfections, so it’s best to avoid them unless you plan to achieve a specific effect by buffing the finish.
Selecting the Proper Tools
To apply water-based urethane, you’ll need a foam applicator and a brush designed specifically for water-based finishes. Unlike oil-based urethane, water-based urethane dries quickly, and using a brush can result in brush strokes and potential bubble formation. The foam applicator is the ideal tool as it allows for smooth and even coverage without leaving brush strokes or bubbles. The presenter demonstrates the use of a foam applicator for the best results.
Preparing the Wood Surface
Now that you have your water-based urethane and the necessary tools, it’s time to prepare the wood surface. In the video, a piece of cherry wood is used, which is considered high-quality furniture wood. However, this technique is applicable to any type of wood. The presenter mentions that he will also demonstrate the application on construction grade lumber later, showing that you can achieve an excellent finish even with more economical materials.
The First Step: Stirring the Urethane
Before applying the water-based urethane, it’s crucial to stir it thoroughly. Even if it doesn’t appear separated, stirring ensures that the product is homogeneous and ready for application. Water-based urethane has a tendency to bubble, especially if it has been shaken in a paint shaker. If you recently purchased the urethane, it’s best to let it sit for a day or so to allow any air bubbles to dissipate. Removing air bubbles is important as they can harden and create an uneven finish. By stirring the urethane until it appears completely homogeneous, you’ll minimize the risk of air bubbles and ensure a smooth application.
Maintaining a Wet Edge
One of the key points emphasized in the video is the concept of maintaining a wet edge when applying water-based urethane. Due to its fast-drying nature, you must work efficiently and continuously without interruption. The presenter advises applying the urethane onto a horizontal surface whenever possible. This provides an easier and more controlled environment for coating the wood. For larger projects like furniture pieces, it’s recommended to work in sections, applying the urethane to one surface and then turning the piece to treat another surface. This approach allows for smoother application and minimizes the risk of runs or uneven drying.
A Thin Application is Key
When applying water-based urethane, it’s better to use thin coats rather than applying a thick layer in one go. Thin coats dry better and ensure a more uniform finish. The presenter advises against going over the already applied urethane multiple times, as subsequent brushing can disturb the drying process and create an uneven, gummy texture. Instead, he demonstrates making one complete brush stroke and highlights the importance of brushing gently to avoid the formation of air bubbles. By following this technique, you’ll achieve a smooth and professional-looking finish.
Between Coat Sanding
After applying the first coat of urethane, the wood’s surface may feel rough due to raised wood fibers. The next step, as mentioned in previous videos, is between coat sanding. This process involves lightly sanding the surface to remove the rough fibers without going through the layer of urethane you’ve already applied. The goal is to create a smooth and consistent surface before applying subsequent coats. Between coat sanding improves adhesion between layers and ensures a flawless finish.
Final Tips for a Dust-Free Finish
To achieve a dust-free finish, it’s essential to minimize airborne dust particles during the drying process. The presenter remarks that his workspace is not dust-free but has taken precautions to reduce dust by vacuuming the surface and surrounding area. Dust particles can settle on the urethane, creating small bumps and imperfections. While these dust bumps can be eliminated through further sanding, it’s best to minimize them as much as possible by keeping the workspace as dust-free as possible.
Conclusion
By following these step-by-step instructions, you can successfully apply water-based urethane to your woodworking projects. Remember to choose the appropriate sheen level, use the correct tools such as a foam applicator, maintain a wet edge, apply thin coats, and perform between coat sanding for a smooth and flawless finish. Additionally, keep your workspace as dust-free as possible to minimize imperfections. With these techniques in mind, you’ll achieve professional results for all your woodworking endeavors.
